Household electrical appliances are always connected in parallel rather than in series because of both safety and functionality. In a parallel connection, each appliance receives the same voltage as the supply line, which ensures that every device operates efficiently and independently. For example, if the supply voltage is 230 V, every bulb, fan, or refrigerator connected in parallel will get exactly 230 V.
In contrast, if appliances were connected in series, the total supply voltage would be divided among them. This would cause some devices to receive too little voltage and others too much, leading to improper functioning or even damage. Moreover, in a series circuit, if one appliance fails or is switched off, the entire circuit would be broken, and all other devices would stop working—similar to how old series-connected Christmas lights behave.
Parallel connections also make it easier to control each appliance individually using separate switches. Additionally, the total current drawn from the supply is shared among the branches, preventing overload in a single path and enhancing safety. Hence, parallel wiring ensures consistent performance, independence, and reliability in every household electrical system.